A study of clinico-pathological correlation of leprosy in a tertiary care center at Karamsad

Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic, infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It is classified into five groups based on clinical, histological, microbiological and immunological criteria (Ridley & Jopling Classification).

Aims: To find the incidence of histopathological forms of leprosy, to categorize leprosy into various types based on microscopy and bacterial index in skin biopsies as well as with microbiological slit skin smear and to know the correlation between clinical and histopathological diagnosis of leprosy.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 diagnosed cases of leprosy in department of Pathology, Shree Krishna Hospital, Karamsad, a tertiary centre in Anand, from December 2015 to July 2021.

Results: Total 100 cases of leprosy studied, majority of patients belonged in the age group 41-50 years with male predominance with most common presenting feature being hypopigmented anaesthetic patches and most common histological type of leprosy being borderline tuberculoid leprosy. The overall concordance between clinical and histopathological type was 73%. Maximum concordance was seen in tuberculoid leprosy (95.23%).

Conclusion: Most common histological type of leprosy was borderline tuberculoid leprosy and overall concordance between clinical and histopathological type was 73% with maximum concordance was seen in tuberculoid leprosy.