The spatial pattern and risk factors of leprosy occurrence in barru, Indonesia

At this time 13 provinces and 147 districts/cities with a prevalence rate of more than 1/10, 000 population, one of which is Barru South Sulawesi province where the discovery of a case in 2015 year as many 25 people (prevalence of 1.5/10, 000 population). This research aimed (1) to investigate the spatial spread pattern of leprosy patients using Geographic System Information (GIS) and (2) to describe the risking factors correlated with the leprosy incidences in Barru Regency in 2013-2015. This research type was a descriptive/analytical survey with the cross-sectional design. The research was conducted in Barru Regency to find out the cases of leprosy patients which was 1/100, 000 people. The samples comprised all the leprosy patients in Barru Regency in 2013-2015. The data collection was carried out using observation and interviews. The data were analyzed using statistically using SPSS program and the spatial analysis used ArcView GIS version 10.1. The research results indicated of the leprosy disease in Barru Regency in 2013 was random in the entire sub-districts area, while in 2014 and 2015 was clustered, the map buffer distance between the residences of the lepers were approximately still within the radius of 2-6 km and the health centers. The individual characteristics of the leprosy were about >29 years old: 79.3% in 2013, 64% in 2014 and 73.1% in 2015, male gender: 69% in 2013 and 52% in 2014: race/ethnicity: 100% Buginese in 2013-2015, poor knowledge: 100% in 2013, 88% in 2014 and 92.3% in 2015, bad personal hygiene: 82.8% in 2013, 68% in 2014, BCG vaccine reception 72% in 2013 & 2014 and 53.8% in 2015, and ≤2 years of contact time: 19% in 2013, 72% in 2014 and 69.2% in 2015. Socio-economic characteristics of patients who had in average low education: 100% in 2013, 96% in 2014 and 96.2% in 2015, job with risks: 100% in 2013, 96% in 2014 and 96.2% in 2015, income less than UMR: 100% in 2013 & 2015 and 92% in 2014. The conditions of the patients homes being in average fairly damp, fairly lighted, and having ventilations still met the requirement as prescribed by Kepmenkes, RI No. 29/Menkes/SK/VII/1999.