Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome: Cutaneous and Bone Histoplasmosis Mimicking Leprosy after Treatment

Histoplasmosis is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. It is a

mycosis endemic to certain areas of America, Africa and Asia [1].

Histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii is the species that causes African

histoplasmosis, which is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa. It is estimated

that 95% of Histoplasma capsulatum infections are asymptomatic [2]

and those that are symptomatic present with non-specific clinical

features [2]. Histoplasma capsulatum has emerged as an important

opportunistic infection among Human Immunodeficiency Virus

(HIV) infected patients in endemic areas. Wheat et al. [3] reported that,

there was a rising incidence of disseminated histoplasmosis among

AIDS patients in endemic areas after a 5-year follow-up.