Drugs in tuberculosis and leprosy

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health threat with approximately 25% of the world's population infected with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Approximately 10% of these patients will develop active TB. Both TB and leprosy are known for their infectious and contagious nature and with increasing resistance patterns emerging and treatment regimens requiring a combination of products (with variable toxicity profiles, drug–drug interactions, and treatment outcomes) to combat the resistance. In this chapter, we review the 2018 literature regarding the adverse effects of medications commonly used in TB and leprosy: aminoglycosides, bedaquiline, carbapenems, clofazimine, cycloserine, dapsone, ethambutol, fluoroquinolones, isoniazid, linezolid, macrolides, pyrazinamide, para-aminosalicylic acid, polypeptides, rifamycins, terizidone, and thiacetazone.