A large-scale genome-wide association and meta-analysis identified four novel susceptibility loci for leprosy.

Leprosy, a chronic infectious disease, results from the uncultivable pathogen Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae), and usually progresses to peripheral neuropathy and permanent progressive deformity if not treated. Previously published genetic studies have identified 18 gene/loci significantly associated with leprosy at the genome-wide significant level. However as a complex disease, only a small proportion of leprosy risk could be explained by those gene/loci. To further identify more susceptibility gene/loci, we hereby performed a three-stage GWAS comprising 8,156 leprosy patients and 15,610 controls of Chinese ancestry. Four novel loci were identified including rs6807915 on 3p25.2 (P=1.94 × 10(-8), OR=0.89), rs4720118 on 7p14.3 (P=3.85 × 10(-10), OR=1.16), rs55894533 on 8p23.1 (P=5.07 × 10(-11), OR=1.15) and rs10100465 on 8q24.11 (P=2.85 × 10(-11), OR=0.85). Altogether, these findings have provided new insight and significantly expanded our understanding of the genetic basis of leprosy.