Co-existence of mycobacterial infections: is it an emerging issue with retroviral infections?

We report a 46-year-old woman presenting with leprosy, HIV and active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). It is advisable to screen for each one of TB, HIV and leprosy patients, especially when an extra feature emerges. Particularly in a leprosy case, if TB remains undiagnosed, the development of rifampicin resistance secondary to monotherapy in leprosy is a major concern.