01928nas a2200433   4500000000100000008004100001260001200042653002000054653004300074653002500117653003100142653003200173653002100205100001400226700001800240700001200258700001400270700001100284700001100295700001700306700001400323700001400337700001100351700001700362700001200379700001300391700001200404700001300416700001600429700001500445700001400460700001300474700001400487245002800501300000900529490000900538520093300547022001401480       2021                            d  c01/202110aHypoxic culture10aLarge-scale production of mycobacteria10aMycobacterium leprae10aMycobacterium tuberculosis10aNontuberculous mycobacteria10aNormoxic culture1 aWallace E1 aHendrickson D1 aTolli N1 aMehaffy C1 aPena M1 aNick J1 aKnabenbaur P1 aWatkins J1 aSimpson A1 aAmin A1 aChatterjee D1 aDobos K1 aLahiri R1 aAdams L1 aStrong M1 aSalfinger M1 aBradford R1 aStedman T1 aRiojas M1 aHazbón M00aCulturing Mycobacteria.  a1-580 v23143 a<p>Building upon the foundational research of Robert Koch, who demonstrated the ability to grow Mycobacterium tuberculosis for the first time in 1882 using media made of coagulated bovine serum, microbiologists have continued to develop new and more efficient ways to grow mycobacteria. Presently, all known mycobacterial species can be grown in the laboratory using either axenic culture techniques or in vivo passage in laboratory animals. This chapter provides conventional protocols to grow mycobacteria for diagnostic purposes directly from clinical specimens, as well as in research laboratories for scientific purposes. Detailed protocols used for production of M. tuberculosis in large scale (under normoxic and hypoxic conditions) in bioreactors and for production of obligate intracellular pathogens such as Mycobacterium leprae and "Mycobacterium lepromatosis" using athymic nude mice and armadillos are provided.</p>  a1940-6029