02488nas a2200277   4500000000100000008004100001260001300042653002300055653003800078653001900116653001100135653001200146653001100158100001300169700001500182700001800197700001200215700001900227245007800246856005900324300001100383490000700394050003200401520176300433022001402196       1991                            d  c1991 Mar10aAIDS Serodiagnosis10aEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay10aHIV Infections10aHumans10aleprosy10aMalawi1 aShaw M A1 aTurner A C1 aBlackwell J M1 aFine PE1 aPonnighaus J M00aSetting up HIV serology for the Karonga leprosy vaccine trial in Malaŵi.  uhttp://leprev.ilsl.br/pdfs/1991/v62n1/pdf/v62n1a12.pdf  a87-1040 v62  aInfolep Library - available3 a<p>As part of the leprosy vaccine trial taking place in Karonga District, Northern Malaŵi, it is essential to establish whether the presence of HIV infection in the population is affecting the incidence rate or clinical presentation of leprosy or the effectiveness of the trial vaccines. To obtain the appropriate information, a rapid and economical HIV testing protocol, which could be performed in a rural laboratory and would be robust under variable environmental conditions, had to be developed. This paper reports on the development/evaluation phase of a multitest protocol based on commercially available particle agglutination and ELISA anti-HIV antibody detection kits. The protocol was devised by first evaluating a range of kits in London using a battery of African and non-African sera and then field testing 1455 sera in Malaŵi, which included 184 sera from leprosy patients and 60 sera from syphilis patients to check for cross-reactivity. According to the protocol developed, all sera are screened initially both by indirect ELISA (Organon) and using a rapid and economical modification of the Serodia particle agglutination test. Positives are retested using both a competitive ELISA (Wellcome or Behring) and the standard Serodia particle agglutination test. The validity of this multitest protocol was confirmed by Western blotting a large sample of the positive and negative Malaŵian sera in London. Factors affecting kit selection, and problems associated with individual kits, are discussed. While the specific multitest protocol developed for Malaŵi might not be suitable for every project, the principle of developing economical alternatives to Western blotting is an important consideration for any field investigation of HIV.</p>  a0305-7518