01220nas a2200241   4500000000100000008004100001260001300042653001200055653002600067653003100093653001100124653001200135653000900147653003200156653002500188100001500213245003200228856003900260300000800299490000700307520065000314022001400964       2010                            d  c2010 Jan10aAnimals10aAnti-Bacterial Agents10aDrug Resistance, Bacterial10aHumans10aleprosy10aMice10aMicrobial Sensitivity Tests10aMycobacterium leprae1 aMatsuoka M00aDrug resistance in leprosy.  uhttp://www.nih.go.jp/JJID/63/1.pdf  a1-70 v633 a<p>Leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Currently, leprosy control is mainly based on WHO-recommended multi-drug treatment; thus, emergence of drug resistance is a major concern. M. leprae isolates resistant to single and multiple drugs have been encountered. In this review, the history of chemotherapy and drug resistance in leprosy and molecular biological insights for drug resistance are described. New methodologies to test susceptibility to anti-leprosy drugs instead of the traditional mouse footpad method are introduced. Awareness of the need to monitor drug resistance to prevent the spread of resistant cases is emphasized.</p>  a1884-2836