01590nas a2200337   4500000000100000008004100001260001600042653004200058653004200100653002600142653001100168653001800179653001900197653001100216653004800227653001200275653000900287100001500296700001500311700001200326700001500338700001000353700001900363700001200382700001300394245011700407300001300524490000700537520069400544022001401238       2009                            d  c2009 Jul 3110aAIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections10aAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active10aEpidemiologic Methods10aFemale10aFrench Guiana10aHIV Infections10aHumans10aImmune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome10aleprosy10aMale1 aCouppié P1 aDomergue V1 aClyti E1 aEl Guedj M1 aVaz T1 aSainte-Marie D1 aMarty C1 aNacher M00aIncreased incidence of leprosy following HAART initiation: a manifestation of the immune reconstitution disease.  a1599-6000 v233 a<p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted to determine whether the incidence of leprosy varied with the duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Between 1992 and 2006, seven cases of leprosy were observed. The incidence of leprosy in untreated patients was 0.7 per 1000 person-years, 13 per 1000 person-years in persons receiving HAART for more than 3 months and 0.9 per 1000 person-years for persons receiving HAART for more than 3 months. The adjusted hazard ratio was 18.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.6-217) with P = 0.02. In tropical areas where HAART is increasingly available, physicians should be aware of the possibility of incident leprosy shortly after HAART initiation.</p>  a1473-5571