02341nas a2200373   4500000000100000008004100001260001300042653001800055653002800073653001900101653001100120653001200131653003600143653001800179653002900197653002500226653001400251653003000265653001900295653002400314653001500338100001500353700001300368700001500381700001400396700001100410700001200421700001200433245010700445300001100552490000700563520138300570022001401953       2007                            d  c2007 Sep10aBase Sequence10aDatabases, Nucleic Acid10aDNA, Bacterial10aHumans10aleprosy10aMolecular Diagnostic Techniques10aMycobacterium10aMycobacterium Infections10aMycobacterium leprae10aPhylogeny10apolymerase chain reaction10aRNA, Bacterial10aRNA, Ribosomal, 16S10aSkin Ulcer1 aNakanaga K1 aSuzuki K1 aTanigawa K1 aIwamoto T1 aGoto M1 aSaito H1 aIshii N00a[Mycobacterium shinshuense and Mycobacterium leprae infections: usefulness of genetical examinations].  a245-500 v763 a<p>Although Mycobacterium shinshuense and M. leprae infections are relatively rare in the fields of dermatology, an early diagnosis is one of the important prognostic factors of these infections. Applications of the genetical examinations such as PCR and 16S rDNA sequencing are helpful in early diagnosis with culture nagative cases. Short target PCR tests are available to detect DNA of M. shinshuense or M. leprae from clinical specimens including formalin fixed-paraffin embedded samples. A partial 16s rDNA sequencing is functional with enough intact bacterial DNA. A similarity search based on the partial 16S rDNA sequences using RIDOM database is an easy and powerful tool to estimate the species of mycobacteria, however, it is not enough for the identification in some cases. For instance, a clinical isolate of M. shinshuense is clearly discriminated from M. leprae (92.75% sequence identity), however, difficult to be identified from M. marinum and M. ulcerans (99.77% sequence identity). The phylogenetic tree based on 16S rDNA sequences is illustrating that both M. leprae (closely related to M. haemophilum) and M. shinshuense (closely related to M. marinum and M. ulcerans, and also M. tuberculosis) are relatively related species and distantly related to rapidly growing species among 30 species of pathogenic mycobacteria which have been isolated in Japan.</p>  a1342-3681