02366nas a2200337   4500000000100000008004100001260001300042653001100055653001900066653001100085653001200096653002500108653005200133653001900185653002400204653003200228653002900260100001800289700001900307700001500326700001600341700001500357700001500372245010600387856007000493300001100563490000700574050002100581520141200602022001402014       2006                            d  c2006 Dec10aBiopsy10aDNA, Bacterial10aHumans10aleprosy10aMycobacterium leprae10aReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction10aRNA, Bacterial10aRNA, Ribosomal, 16S10aSensitivity and Specificity10aSkin Diseases, Bacterial1 aPhetsuksiri B1 aRudeeaneksin J1 aSupapkul P1 aWachapong S1 aMahotarn K1 aBrennan PJ00aA simplified reverse transcriptase PCR for rapid detection of Mycobacterium leprae in skin specimens.  uhttp://femsim.oxfordjournals.org/content/femsim/48/3/319.full.pdf  a319-280 v48  aPHETSUKSIRI 20063 a<p>An RNA-based assay is an additional molecular tool for leprosy diagnosis and determination of the viability of leprosy bacilli. To simplify RNA detection, a one-step reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) was established and evaluated. RNA and DNA could be isolated simultaneously. With the use of Mycobacterium leprae-specific primers targeting a 171-bp fragment of the M. leprae 16S RNA gene, RT-PCR resulted in detection of M. leprae in both slit skin smears and skin biopsy specimens. To enhance the positive signal, a digoxigenin-labeled DNA was developed, and successfully detected the amplified RT-PCR product. The method is sensitive, as it could detect one leprosy bacillus. When it was used directly on skin specimens collected from leprosy patients, 34 of 36 multibacillary (MB) and 13 of 24 paucibacillary (PB) cases showed positive results. The assay was also effective in monitoring bacterial clearance in leprosy patients during chemotherapy; after treatment with the multidrug therapy for 6 months, resulting in bacterial clearance, 16 of 36 MB patients and three of 24 PB patients tested were still positive for the 16S rRNA gene of M. leprae, suggesting the advisability of a more prolonged treatment course. This form of RT-PCR is of value in terms of simplicity and sensitivity in identifying M. leprae in routine skin specimens, especially when acid-fast bacilli are not discernable.</p>  a0928-8244