01593nas a2200193   4500000000100000008004100001260001600042653001100058653001200069653001600081653001300097100001200110700001400122245003000136300001200166490000700178520120000185022001401385       2006                            d  c2006 Jul 2610aHumans10aPoverty10aVaccination10aVaccines1 aHotez P1 aFerris MT00aThe antipoverty vaccines.  a5787-990 v243 a<p>The neglected tropical diseases represent a group of parasitic and bacterial diseases, occurring primarily in rural areas or impoverished urban areas of developing countries. Because of their chronic and stigmatizing character and their impact on child development, pregnancy outcomes, and worker productivity, the neglected tropical diseases are considered poverty-promoting conditions. Through the activities of public-private partnerships, first or second-generation recombinant vaccines for three of these conditions--hookworm, leishmaniasis, and schistosomiasis, have undergone early development and clinical testing. However, through the acquisition of extensive bioinformatics information or animal model testing for several other neglected tropical diseases pathogens, it is possible to consider new generation vaccines as well for amebiasis, Buruli ulcer, Chagas disease, Chlamydia infections (including trachoma), leprosy, leptospirosis, and the treponematoses. Early development of such antipoverty vaccines will require the establishment of product development public-private partnerships and partnerships with innovative developing countries where these diseases are endemic.</p>  a0264-410X