01513nas a2200361   4500000000100000008004100001260001600042653001000058653001200068653001100080653000900091653002100100653002900121653000900150653000900159653002400168653001600192653002300208653001500231653001400246100001800260700001400278700001400292700002300306700001300329700001300342700001500355245010200370300001100472490000700483520064700490022001401137       2005                            d  c2005 May 2510aAdult10aAnimals10aHumans10aIran10aLeishmania major10aLeishmaniasis, Cutaneous10aMale10aMice10aMice, Inbred BALB C10aMiddle Aged10aProtozoan Vaccines10aSkin Tests10aVirulence1 aKhamesipour A1 aDowlati Y1 aAsilian A1 aHashemi-Fesharki R1 aJavadi A1 aNoazin S1 aModabber F00aLeishmanization: use of an old method for evaluation of candidate vaccines against leishmaniasis.  a3642-80 v233 a<p>To establish the safety and reproducibility of live challenge with Leishmania major, a single frozen stabilate was used in two open, single-arm leishmanization (LZ) trials. A total of 42 inoculations in 28 male adult volunteers were followed until complete healing. Lesions induced by LZ are as diverse as natural infection, but much milder. Total protection was seen in 100% (11/11) of recovered volunteers. LZ used as live challenge to test vaccine candidates reduces the required sample size, is cost effective for surrogate markers studies and will induce protection in the participants who are not protected by candidate vaccines.</p>  a0264-410X