01524nas a2200205   4500000000100000008004100001100001400042700001300056700001500069700001400084700001400098700001600112700001700128700001400145700001500159700001300174245014300187520097400330022001401304       2019                            d1 aBalázs J1 aRózsa Z1 aBereczki Z1 aMarcsik A1 aTihanyi B1 aKarlinger K1 aPölöskei G1 aMolnár E1 aDonoghue H1 aPálfi G00aOsteoarcheological and biomolecular evidence of leprosy from an 11-13 century CE Muslim cemetery in Europe (Orosháza, Southeast Hungary).3 a<p>Orosháza site no. 10 (Southeast Hungary) contains the partially excavated archaeological remains of an 11-13 century CE Muslim merchant village and its cemetery located in close proximity to Christian villages of the same era. The skeleton of a young woman (grave no. 16) from the last phase of the cemetery use was identified with rhinomaxillary lesions associated with lepromatous leprosy. The right parietal bone also exhibited signs of cranial trauma, possibly caused by symbolic trepanation, a well-known ritual practice in the 9-11 century CE Carpathian Basin. The retrospective diagnosis of the disease was supported by ancient DNA analysis, as the samples were positive for aDNA, shown to be of genotype 3. Contrary to the general practice of the era, the body of the young female with severe signs of leprosy was interred among the regular graves of the Muslim cemetery in Orosháza, which may reflect the unique cultural background of the community.</p>
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