01408nas a2200217   4500000000100000008004100001653001200042653003300054653002400087653002600111653001700137100001300154700001600167700001300183700001400196245010200210856005100312300001400363490000700377520080600384       2017                            d10aleprosy10aSensory painful mononeuritis10apure neural leprosy10aVasculitic neuropathy10aNerve biopsy1 aTsouni P1 aLobrinus JA1 aSteck AJ1 aKuntzer T00aSensory mononeuritis: differentiating pure neural leprosy from non-systemic vasculitic neuropathy  uhttps://leprosyreview.org/article/88/2/27-4279  a274–2790 v883 a<p>We describe two cases of sensory mononeuritis that presented with similar past medical histories, and clinical and electrophysiological features. The two patients were females who had resided in areas endemic for leprosy (Brazil). Both developed a progressive, purely sensory, painful mononeuritis distally in the lower limbs with sensory nerve potentials asymmetrically reduced in amplitude. The sural nerve biopsy performed in Patient 1 showed granulomatous inflammation of the epineurial tissue, consistent with paucibacillary pure neural leprosy (PNL) while in Patient 2 there were signs of vascular inflammation consistent with non-systemic vasculitic neuropathy (NSVN). Patients 1 and 2 both improved following targeted treatment with rifampicin and dapsone vs. rituximab, respectively.</p>