02184nas a2200421   4500000000100000008004100001260001600042653001000058653000900068653003200077653002700109653001500136653001900151653003300170653003100203653001100234653001200245653003200257653001600289653001300305653002500318653001400343653001900357653001500376653001300391100001300404700001600417700001300433700001600446700000900462700001400471245012400485856006400609300001000673490000700683520105800690022001401748       2002                            d  c2002 Jan 0110aAdult10aAged10aAntibiotics, Antitubercular10aDisease Models, Animal10aDNA gyrase10aDNA, Bacterial10aDNA-Directed RNA Polymerases10aDrug Resistance, Bacterial10aHumans10aleprosy10aMicrobial Sensitivity Tests10aMiddle Aged10aMutation10aMycobacterium leprae10aOfloxacin10aPlant Proteins10aRecurrence10aRifampin1 aCambau E1 aBonnafous P1 aPerani E1 aSougakoff W1 aJi B1 aJarlier V00aMolecular detection of rifampin and ofloxacin resistance for patients who experience relapse of multibacillary leprosy.  uhttp://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/34/1/39.full.pdf+html  a39-450 v343 a<p>Molecular detection of rifampin resistance (rpoB analysis) in Mycobacterium leprae was determined for 49 patients who experienced relapse of multibacillary leprosy and for 34 untreated patients. Molecular detection of ofloxacin resistance (gyrA analysis) was determined for the 12 patients who experienced relapse and who had received ofloxacin. Results of molecular tests were compared with the reference susceptibility test in the mouse footpad. Overall, the efficiency of molecular detection--that is, positive DNA amplification--was 95%, whereas that of the in vivo test was 55% (P<.001). Results of molecular detection and in vivo test were fully concordant when both were available--that is, for 35 rifampin--sensitive cases of leprosy (no rpoB mutation), 4 ofloxacin-sensitive cases (no gyrA mutation), 11 rifampin-resistant cases (rpoB missense mutations), and 1 ofloxacin-resistant case (gyrA mutation). rpoB and gyrA analysis appears to be an effective method for detection of rifampin and ofloxacin resistance in patients with leprosy.</p>  a1537-6591