01928nas a2200229   4500000000100000008004100001653003200042653001200074653001000086100001100096700001000107700001000117700001700127700001300144700001700157700001500174700001100189245007000200050001400270520140000284022001401684       2014                            d10aNeglected Tropical Diseases10aleprosy10aChina1 aYang G1 aLiu L1 aZhu H1 aGriffiths SM1 aTanner M1 aBergquist RN1 aUtzinger J1 aZhou X00aChina's sustained drive to eliminate neglected tropical diseases.  aYANG 20143 a<p>Non-communicable diseases dominate the public health arena in China, yet neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are still widespread and create a substantial burden. We review the geographical distribution, prevalence, and epidemic characteristics of NTDs identified in China caused by helminths, protozoa, bacteria, and viruses. Lymphatic filariasis was eliminated in 2007, but schistosomiasis still affects up to 5% of local village residents in some endemic counties with around 300 000 people infected. China harbours more than 90% of the world's burden of alveolar echinococcosis and food-borne zoonoses are emerging. In 2010, the overall prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections caused by Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworm was 11·4%, with 6·8% of these infections caused by A lumbricoides. Corresponding figures for food-borne trematodiasis, echinococcosis, and cysticercosis are more than 5%. Dengue, leishmaniasis, leprosy, rabies, and trachoma exist in many areas and should not be overlooked. Transmission of vector-borne diseases can be interrupted; nevertheless, epidemics occur in remote areas, creating a challenge for surveillance and control. Rigorous surveillance, followed by immediate and integrated response packages tailored to specific social and ecological systems, is essential for progress towards the elimination of NTDs in China.</p>  a1474-4457