02068nas a2200385   4500000000100000008004100001260001300042653001100055653002100066653002100087653001100108653001900119653001100138653002800149653002200177653001200199653000900211653001600220653001600236100001600252700002300268700001400291700001200305700001300317700001200330700001300342700001600355700001500371700002000386245015400406300001000560490000700570520109100577022001401668       2013                            d  c2013 Apr10aBrazil10aEndemic Diseases10aErythema Nodosum10aFemale10aFetal Diseases10aHumans10aHypnotics and Sedatives10aLegislation, Drug10aleprosy10aMale10aPolydactyly10aThalidomide1 aVianna FS L1 aSchüler-Faccini L1 aLeite JCL1 aSousa S1 aCosta LM1 aDias MF1 aMorelo E1 aDoriqui MJR1 aMaximino C1 aSanseverino MTV00aRecognition of the phenotype of thalidomide embryopathy in countries endemic for leprosy: new cases and review of the main dysmorphological findings.  a59-630 v223 a<p>Thalidomide is the best-known teratogen worldwide. It was first marketed as a sedative in the late 1950s, but the birth of ~10 000 children with birth defects resulted in the withdrawal of thalidomide from the market in 1962. Thalidomide embryopathy affects almost all organs but the main defects are concentrated in the limbs, eyes, ears, and heart. Shortly after the withdrawal of thalidomide from the market, its effectiveness in the treatment of erythema nodosum leprosum, an inflammatory condition resulting from leprosy, was reported and since the mid-1990s, the drug has been used widely in the treatment of cancers and autoimmune diseases, among other conditions. 40 000 new cases of leprosy are diagnosed every year in Brazil. Although there is a strict legislation for the prescription and use of thalidomide in Brazil, cases of thalidomide embryopathy have continued to be reported. Here, we present two new cases of thalidomide embryopathy identified in 2011 and review the major clinical findings in the literature that can aid the identification of the embryopathy.</p>  a1473-5717