02140nas a2200361   4500000000100000008004100001260001600042653001400058653001500072653001100087653002100098653003300119653002400152653002900176653001800205653002100223653001800244653003100262653001700293653003700310653001400347653001400361653001600375653002600391653002800417100001000445700001100455245006200466300001200528490000700540520121700547022001401764       2012                            d  c2012 Jun 0110aCytokines10aEtanercept10aHumans10aImmunoglobulin G10aImmunoglobulins, Intravenous10aImmunologic Factors10aImmunosuppressive Agents10aImmunotherapy10aInterferon-gamma10aInterleukin-210aMycobacterium tuberculosis10aPrednisolone10aReceptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor10aTh1 Cells10aTh2 Cells10aThalidomide10aTuberculosis Vaccines10aTuberculosis, Pulmonary1 aGuo S1 aZhao J00aImmunotherapy for tuberculosis: what's the better choice?  a2684-900 v173 a<p>A Th1/Th2 imbalance in tuberculosis (TB) patients caused by a decreased Th1 response and an increased Th2 response is a significant factor in the pathogenesis and development of TB. Protective immune responses to TB include bacteriostatic and bactericidal responses. Unfortunately, however, immunoprotection and immune pathology co-exist in TB patients. Immunotherapy for TB principally aims to restore the Th1/Th2 balance by enhancing the Th1 response and suppressing the excessive Th2 response. Immunotherapy for TB can be classified into three categories: immune-enhancing therapy using cytokines, immunosuppressive therapy, and immunomodulatory therapy. Immunomodulatory therapy targets the Th1/Th2 imbalance and includes cytokine regulation therapy, antibody regulation therapy, a multi-dose heat-inactivated Mycobacterium vaccae vaccine, thymosin hormones and a DNA vaccine. A new approach in supplementary TB immunotherapy is to simultaneously up-regulate the Th1 response and down-regulate the Th2 response. While immunotherapy can contribute to TB treatment, it may also cause immunopathological injury. Therefore, immunotherapy needs to be improved and further studied to maximize its potential.</p>  a1093-4715