02736nas a2200469   4500000000100000008004100001260006000042653002300102653003200125653003100157653001900188653002100207653001700228653002000245653001300265653001100278653001400289653001000303653001000313653001200323653002500335653003000360653003600390653001700426653001300443100001800456700001800474700001900492700001400511700001400525700002100539700001400560700001600574700001500590700001200605245016900617856004000786300000900826490000700835520141000842022001402252       2012                            d  c2012bNational Institute of Infectious Diseases aTokyo10aBacterial Proteins10aBacterial Typing Techniques10aDNA Copy Number Variations10aDNA, Bacterial10aGenes, Bacterial10aGenetic Loci10aGenetic Markers10agenotype10aHumans10aIndonesia10aJapan10aKorea10aleprosy10aMycobacterium leprae10apolymerase chain reaction10aPolymorphism, Single Nucleotide10aSigma Factor10aThailand1 aPhetsuksiri B1 aSrisungngam S1 aRudeeaneksin J1 aBunchoo S1 aLukebua A1 aWongtrungkapun R1 aPaitoon S1 aSakamuri RM1 aBrennan PJ1 aVissa V00aSNP genotypes of Mycobacterium leprae isolates in Thailand and their combination with rpoT and TTC genotyping for analysis of leprosy distribution and transmission.  uhttp://www.nih.go.jp/JJID/65/52.pdf  a52-60 v653 a<p>Based on the discovery of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Mycobacterium  leprae, it has been previously reported that there are four major SNP types associated with  different geographic regions around the world. Another typing system for global differentiation of  M. leprae is the analysis of the variable number of short tandem repeats within the rpoT gene. To  expand the analysis of geographic distribution of M. leprae, classified by SNP and rpoT gene  polymorphisms, we studied 85 clinical isolates from Thai patients and compared the findings with  those reported from Asian isolates. SNP genotyping by PCR amplification and sequencing revealed  that all strains like those in Myanmar were SNP type 1 and 3, with the former being predominant,  while in Japan, Korea, and Indonesia, the SNP type 3 was found to be more frequent. The pattern of  M. leprae distribution in Thailand and Myanmar is quite similar, except that SNP type 2 was not  found in Thailand. In addition, the 3-copy hexamer genotype in the rpoT gene is shared among the  isolates from these two neighboring countries. On the basis of these two markers, we postulate that  M. leprae in leprosy patients from Myanmar and Thailand has a common historical origin. Further  differentiation among Thai isolates was possible by assessing copy numbers of the TTC sequence, a  more polymorphic microsatellite locus.</p>  a1884-2836