01564nas a2200265   4500000000100000008004100001260004200042653001100084653001000095653001100105653001100116653001100127653002500138100001400163700001300177700001400190700001400204700001800218245015900236856009100395300001100486490000700497520078000504022001401284       2011                            d  c2011 Sep-OctbScieloaRio De Janeiro 10aBrazil10aChild10aFamily10aFemale10aHumans10aLeprosy, Tuberculoid1 aSouza VFM1 aSilva RS1 aValle CLP1 aObadia DL1 aDaxbacher ELR00aReport of three new leprosy cases in children under fifteen in the municipality of Itaguai, Rio de Janeiro: event alert for epidemiological investigation.  uhttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0365-05962011000500024&nrm=iso  a1011-50 v863 a<p>Leprosy is an infectious disease with an average incubation period of two to five years. It is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, mainly affecting skin, mucous membranes and peripheral nerves. When it occurs in children under fifteen, it reflects an intense and long contact period, with a high bacillary load. Therefore, it is considered an important alert sign that points to the challenge of controlling the disease. The authors report three cases of leprosy in children under fifteen that occurred in the Itaguaí district, Rio de Janeiro. The epidemiologic implications of new cases detected at this age and the fundamental role of examining the patients' close contacts and the possible identification of source cases as an effort for leprosy control are discussed.</p>  a1806-4841