02416nas a2200445   4500000000100000008004100001260001300042653002300055653001200078653001500090653001900105653003100124653003000155653001800185653001100203653002300214653001200237653001100249653001300260653002500273653001400298653003000312653001500342653001300357653002700370100001500397700001300412700001400425700002100439700002300460700002400483700001600507700001500523245010900538856004100647300001000688490000700698520125100705022001401956       2010                            d  c2010 Nov10aBacterial Proteins10aDapsone10aDNA gyrase10aDNA, Bacterial10aDrug Resistance, Bacterial10aDrug Therapy, Combination10aEar, External10aHumans10aLeprostatic Agents10aleprosy10aMexico10aMutation10aMycobacterium leprae10aOfloxacin10apolymerase chain reaction10aPrevalence10aRifampin10aSequence Analysis, DNA1 aMatsuoka M1 aSuzuki Y1 aGarcia IE1 aFafutis-Morris M1 aVargas-González A1 aCarreño-Martinez C1 aFukushima Y1 aNakajima C00aPossible mode of emergence for drug-resistant leprosy is revealed by an analysis of samples from Mexico.  uhttp://www.nih.go.jp/JJID/63/412.pdf  a412-60 v633 a<p>Mexico is a country with sporadic leprosy cases, and the reemergence of drug resistance is a concern. In this study, molecular analysis of Mycobacterium leprae was employed to clarify the spread of drug-resistant leprosy. Thus, drug resistance-determining regions in the folP1, rpoB, and gyrA genes, which are associated with resistance to dapsone, rifampicin, and ofloxacin, respectively, were analyzed by direct sequencing of the PCR product. No mutations in the folP1 gene were observed in any of the 72 slit skin samples obtained from 38 patients, although two samples carrying a mutation at codon 425 in the rpoB gene, which confers resistance to rifampicin, a key component of multidrug therapy, were identified. In addition, a mutation at codon 91 in the gyrA gene, which correlates with ofloxacin resistance, was found in one sample. These results demonstrate the existence of rifampicin- and ofloxacin-resistant leprosy. Interestingly, wild-type and mutant sequences in the gyrA gene were found to coexist in one clinical sample. In addition, all three drug resistance-related mutations were found in only one of the two earlobes of the patients concerned, suggesting a possible pathway for the spread of drug-resistant M. leprae.</p>  a1884-2836