02267nas a2200397   4500000000100000008004100001260001300042653001200055653001100067653003800078653002000116653002000136653001100156653002100167653001200188653001200200100002100212700001600233700001500249700001300264700001300277700001500290700001300305700001400318700001100332700001300343700001400356700001500370245013900385856006200524300001000586490000600596050002200602520123100624022001401855       2007                            d  c2007 Jun10aAlleles10aBrazil10aGenetic Predisposition to Disease10aHLA-DR Antigens10aHLA-DRB1 Chains10aHumans10aImmunity, Innate10aleprosy10aVietnam1 aVanderborght P R1 aPacheco A G1 aMoraes M E1 aAntoni G1 aRomero M1 aVerville A1 aThai V H1 aHuong N T1 aBa N N1 aSchurr E1 aSarno E N1 aMoraes M O00aHLA-DRB1*04 and DRB1*10 are associated with resistance and susceptibility, respectively, in Brazilian and Vietnamese leprosy patients.  uhttp://www.nature.com/gene/journal/v8/n4/pdf/6364390a.pdf  a320-40 v8  aVANDERBORGHT 20073 a<p>The host genetic background has been considered one of the factors that influence leprosy outcome, a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Genome scans demonstrated that the 6p21 region is associated with leprosy and a substantial number of population-based studies analyzing human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II loci suggested association of HLA-DR with leprosy. However, some studies lacked robustness as they had limited power. Indeed, experimental designs require increased sample size to achieve adequate power, as well as replication studies with independent samples for confirmation of previous findings. In this work, we analyzed the influence of the HLA-DRB1 locus on leprosy susceptibility per se and disease type using a case-control design carried out in Brazilians (578 cases and 691 controls) and a replication study based on a family design in a Vietnamese population (n=194 families). The results showed that HLA-DRB1*10 is associated with susceptibility to leprosy and HLA-DRB1*04 is associated with resistance, both in the Brazilian and Vietnamese populations suggesting that these alleles play an important role in the activation of cellular immune responses against M. leprae.</p>  a1466-4879