01987nas a2200361   4500000000100000008004100001260001300042653001500055653001600070653001100086653002500097653001000122653002100132653001100153653001100164653001100175653001200186653000900198653001500207653001700222653001700239100001500256700001900271700001900290700001400309700001300323245006200336856005400398300001000452490000700462520114200469022001401611       1996                            d  c1996 Mar10aAdolescent10aBCG Vaccine10aBrazil10aCase-Control Studies10aChild10aChild, Preschool10aFemale10aHumans10aInfant10aleprosy10aMale10aPrevalence10aRisk Factors10aUrban Health1 aLombardi C1 aPedrazzani E S1 aPedrazzani J C1 aFilho P F1 aZicker F00aProtective efficacy of BCG against leprosy in São Paulo.  uhttp://iris.paho.org/xmlui/handle/123456789/27760  a24-300 v303 a<p>The case-control study reported here evaluated the protective effect of BCG vaccine against leprosy in São Paulo, Brazil. Seventy-eight patients under age 16 who had been diagnosed as having leprosy (cases) and 385 healthy individuals (controls) were selected and matched by sex, age, place of residence, and type of exposure to leprosy (intradomiciliary or extradomiciliary). The cases were drawn from an active patient registry and from a group of new leprosy cases treated at 50 health centers in the cities of Bauru and Ribeirão Preto in the state of São Paulo. In order to estimate the protective effect of BCG, the prevalences of BCG scars in cases and controls were compared. The presence of one or more scars was associated with an estimated protective efficacy of 90% (95% confidence interval: 78% to 96%). Stratified analysis by age group, sex, socioeconomic level, and clinical form of the disease revealed no significant differences in the protection provided by the vaccine. However, it seems clear that more data will be needed in order to accurately assess the true relevance of BCG for leprosy control programs.</p>  a0085-4638