02314nas a2200325   4500000000100000008004100001260001300042653001900055653001200074653001100086653002600097653002600123653002600149653002200175653001100197653001200208653000900220653002400229653001900253653001500272653002100287100001400308700001600322700001700338245005700355300001100412490000700423520154400430022001401974       1995                            d  c1995 Dec10aBone and Bones10aEngland10aFemale10aHistory, 15th Century10aHistory, 16th Century10aHistory, 17th Century10aHistory, Medieval10aHumans10aleprosy10aMale10aMaxillary Sinusitis10aPaleopathology10aPrevalence10aSex Distribution1 aBoocock P1 aRoberts C A1 aManchester K00aMaxillary sinusitis in Medieval Chichester, England.  a483-950 v983 a<p>Maxillary sinusitis is a common medical complaint, affecting more than 30 million people per year in the United States alone. Very little palaeopathological work on this disease has been carried out, probably because of the enclosed nature of the sinuses in intact skulls and the lack of a suitable method for examination. This study tested the hypothesis that maxillary sinusitis was more common in people with leprosy than in people without it in Medieval England. The prevalence of maxillary sinusitis by age and sex was recorded in 133 individuals, some diagnosed as being leprous, derived from a later Medieval (12th to 17th centuries AD) urban hospital population at Chichester, Sussex, England using both macroscopic and endoscopic methods of examination. Of the 133 individuals with one or both sinuses available for examination, 54.9% (73) had evidence of bone change within the sinuses. There was no difference in prevalence between those with leprosy and those without, although clinical studies suggest that over 50% of lepromatous leprous individuals may develop sinusitis. Comparison with another study on Medieval British sites with a 3.6% prevalence (3 of 83) indicates that the prevalence at Chichester is much greater. The problems with diagnosing sinusitis are addressed and reasons behind the high frequency in this study are discussed. Aetiological factors predisposing to maxillary sinusitis are considered with reference to possible environmental conditions prevailing in the later Medieval period in Britain.</p>  a0002-9483