02265nas a2200469   4500000000100000008004100001260001300042653001500055653002100070653001600091653001100107653002500118653001000143653002500153653002100178653001100199653001100210653001400221653002000235653001200255653000900267653001600276653002400292653002000316653002100336653002100357653001300378653001600391100001200407700001600419700001500435700001500450700001400465700001400479245008200493856005100575300001100626490000700637050003200644520110500676022001401781       2004                            d  c2004 Dec10aAdolescent10aAge Distribution10aBCG Vaccine10aBrazil10aCase-Control Studies10aChild10aConfidence Intervals10aEndemic Diseases10aFemale10aHumans10aIncidence10aInfant, Newborn10aleprosy10aMale10aProbability10aProspective Studies10aRisk Assessment10aRural Population10aSex Distribution10aStudents10aVaccination1 aCunha S1 aRodrigues L1 aPedrosa VL1 aDourado IM1 aBarreto M1 aPereira S00aNeonatal BCG protection against leprosy: a study in Manaus, Brazilian Amazon.  uhttps://leprosyreview.org/article/75/4/35-7366  a357-660 v75  aInfolep Library - available3 a<p>There is clear evidence that BCG protects against leprosy, but cross-immunity with environmental mycobacteria can interfere with vaccination protection. Some have cast doubts whether BCG vaccination can offer a significant impact against leprosy in the Brazilian Amazon, which is an endemic area for leprosy and with a high prevalence of environmental mycobacteria. This study was designed to estimate the vaccine effectiveness of neonatal BCG against leprosy in Amazon region, in Brazil. This is a cohort study nested in a randomized community trial. The study had two main results. First, neonatal BCG vaccination in Brazilian Amazon elicited protection of 74% (95% CI 57-86) against all forms of leprosy cases. Second, the highest protection was observed for multibacillary cases, 93% (95% CI 71-98). It is concluded that the study provides evidence that neonatal BCG may have an important and overlooked impact on the occurrence and transmission of leprosy, maybe even more in the future when the cohort which received a high coverage of BCG reaches the age of high incidence of leprosy.</p>
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