01501nas a2200169   4500000000100000008004100001260001300042653001700055653001000072653001200082100001400094700001700108245004300125300001200168520113700180022001401317       2012                            d  bElsevier10aTuberculosis10aDrugs10aleprosy1 aJawahar M1 aBanu Rekha V00aDrugs used in tuberculosis and leprosy  a479-4863 a<p>This review of the 2010 publications on drugs used in tuberculosis and leprosy covers&nbsp;dapsone,&nbsp;ethambutol, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, rifampicin, and&nbsp;rifaximin, and there is a special review on hepatotoxicity of&nbsp;antituberculosis drugs.&nbsp;Adverse reactions&nbsp;involving the nervous system and the effects of&nbsp;glucocorticoids&nbsp;on vision and ocular complications in patients with ocular tuberculosis are discussed. Drug-induced hepatotoxicity has been reported in relation to genetic polymorphisms in&nbsp;glutathione&nbsp;S-transferase and&nbsp;NAT2&nbsp;acetylator status. In a retrospective study of drug-induced liver damage in liver transplant recipients in the USA, antituberculosis drugs were responsible for 8–9% of cases.&nbsp;Methemoglobinemia&nbsp;in patients taking dapsone continues to be reported. The risk of&nbsp;autosomal dominant optic atrophy&nbsp;is related to polymorphisms in the OPA1 gene. Rifaximin appears to be more effective than either placebo or&nbsp;lactulose&nbsp;in reducing the risk of recurrence of&nbsp;hepatic encephalopathy&nbsp;with few adverse reactions.</p>
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