01841nas a2200349   4500000000100000008004100001260001300042653002600055653002400081653001000105653001600115653001100131653002100142653001200163653000900175653001400184653001300198100001500211700001500226700001500241700001300256700001500269700001100284700001500295700001600310245012100326856004100447300001000488490000700498520097200505022001401477       1989                            d  c1989 Dec10aAntibodies, Bacterial10aAntigens, Bacterial10aChild10aGlycolipids10aHumans10aImmunoglobulin M10aleprosy10aMale10aPolynesia10aRifampin1 aCartel J L1 aChanteau S1 aBoutin J P1 aTaylor R1 aPlichart R1 aRoux J1 aCelerier P1 aGrosset J H00aImplementation of chemoprophylaxis of leprosy in the Southern Marquesas with a single dose of 25 mg per kg rifampin.  uhttp://ila.ilsl.br/pdfs/v57n4a09.pdf  a810-60 v573 a<p>Between 1967 and 1987 in the Southern Marquesas, a remote archipelago in French Polynesia, the detection rate of leprosy was 48.9 per 100,000 when it was 8.6 per 100,000 for French Polynesia as a whole. In 1988, a program of chemoprophylaxis of leprosy with a single dose of 25 mg/kg rifampin was implemented, and 2751 persons (98.7% of the population) were treated in the Southern Marquesas. In addition, 678 South Marquesans and 2466 members of their families living in the Northern Marquesas and in the Society Archipelago, received the same chemoprophylaxis. Among 2676 persons studied in the Southern Marquesas (97.4% of the treated population), 130 had elevated IgM anti-phenolic glycolipid-I antibodies by ELISA without any evidence of leprosy. The onset of a skin lesion of borderline leprosy in a boy 3 months after chemoprophylaxis raises the question of the nature of such a skin lesion and, indirectly, of the effectiveness of the chemoprophylaxis.</p>  a0148-916X