@book{book,
  keywords = {Theoretical goal setting},
  author = {Ogbeiwi OI},
  title = {Towards a practice theory of goal setting: assessing the theoretical goal-setting of a leprosy organisation in Nigeria},
  abstract = {Goal-setting is indispensable for effective healthcare management. Yet, literature evidence suggests many organisations worldwide do not know how to formulate {\textquoteleft}SMART{\textquoteright} goals. Evidence of how existing theories work in practice is scarce, and the practices in low-income countries are unknown. Therefore, this research explored how leprosy project goals were formulated to describe the theoretical practice framework of A leprosy-focused organisation in Nigeria. Using a case-study design, ten managers were interviewed individually concerning their goal-setting knowledge, experience and perspective; and documented goals of six projects were reviewed. A five-step constructionist thematic data analysis generated eleven theoretical frameworks from the concepts of the emergent core themes of {\textquoteleft}stakeholders{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteleft}strategies{\textquoteright} and {\textquoteleft}statements.{\textquoteright} Further theorisation reduced them to one general framework. This revealed organisational goal-setting practice as a four-stage centre-led, top-down, beneficiary-focused and problem-based process. The stages were national preparation, baseline needs-survey, centralised goal formulation and nationalised planning. The outcome was the formulation of assigned, {\textquoteleft}non-SMART{\textquoteright} objective statements, which are then used for planning projects. Other theoretical models constructed included a Goal Effects Cycle, {\textquoteleft}SMARTA{\textquoteright} goal attributes and hierarchical criteria for differentiating goal-types. A theory developed from the goal-setting practice postulates that: {\textquoteleft}Assigned non-SMART goal formulation directly results from centralised goal-setting practice and is the predictor of unrealistic project planning.{\textquoteright} Therefore, I propose that goal statements will be {\textquoteleft}SMARTA{\textquoteright} and plans, more realistic and relevant if goal-setting is done collaboratively by all stakeholders at all stages of the process. Also, {\textquoteleft}Change-Beneficiary-Indicator-Target-Timeframe{\textquoteright} and {\textquoteleft}Change-Beneficiary-Location-Timeframe{\textquoteright} frameworks are recommended as templates for writing SMART objectives and aims respectively.},
  year = {2020},
  publisher = {Beau Bassin: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing.},
  language = {eng},
}