@article{7670,
  keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Bacterial, Antigens, Bacterial, Biomarkers, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Cytokines, Drug Monitoring, Female, Glucocorticoids, Glycolipids, Humans, Immunoglobulin M, Inflammation Mediators, Interferon-gamma, Interleukin-10, Interleukin-4, leprosy, Male, Middle Aged, Mycobacterium leprae, Neopterin, Prednisolone, Receptors, Interleukin-6, Solubility, Treatment Outcome, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha},
  author = {Iyer A and Hatta M and Usman R and Luiten S and Oskam L and Faber W and Geluk A and Das P},
  title = {Serum levels of interferon-gamma, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, soluble interleukin-6R and soluble cell activation markers for monitoring response to treatment of leprosy reactions.},
  abstract = {<p>Identifying pathogen and host-related laboratory parameters are essential for the early diagnosis of leprosy reactions. The present study aimed to clarify the validity of measuring the profiles of serum cytokines [interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha], the soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R), soluble T cell (sCD27) and macrophage (neopterin) activation markers and Mycobacterium leprae-specific anti-PGL-I IgM antibodies in relation to the leprosy spectrum and reactions. Serum samples from 131 Indonesian leprosy patients (82 non-reactional leprosy patients and 49 reactional) and 112 healthy controls (HC) from the same endemic region were investigated. Forty-four (89.8%) of the reactional patients had erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) while only five (10.2%) had reversal reaction (RR). Follow-up serum samples after corticosteroid treatment were also obtained from 17 of the patients with ENL and one with RR. A wide variability in cytokine levels was observed in the patient groups. However, IFN-gamma and sIL-6R were elevated significantly in ENL compared to non-ENL patients. Levels of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and sIL-6R declined significantly upon corticosteroid treatment of ENL. Thus, although the present study suggests limited applicability of serial measurement of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and sIL-6R in monitoring treatment efficacy of ENL, reactions it recommends a search for a wider panel of more disease-specific markers in future studies.</p>},
  year = {2007},
  journal = {Clinical and experimental immunology},
  volume = {150},
  pages = {210-6},
  month = {2007 Nov},
  issn = {1365-2249},
  url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2219358/pdf/cei0150-0210.pdf},
  doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03485.x},
  language = {eng},
}