@article{6611,
  keywords = {Acne Vulgaris, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Odds Ratio, Risk Factors, Smoking, Surveys and Questionnaires},
  author = {Firooz A and Sarhangnejad R and Davoudi SM and Nassiri-Kashani M},
  title = {Acne and smoking: is there a relationship?},
  abstract = {<p><b>BACKGROUND: </b>There are contradictory reports on the relationship between acne vulgaris and cigarette smoking. The objective of this study was to examine the relation between acne and cigarette smoking in a case-control study.</p><p><b>METHODS: </b>A questionnaire on smoking habits was offered to 350 patients with acne vulgaris and 350 patients suffering from skin diseases other than acne, aged 15-40 years, attending in a skin clinic in Tehran, Iran. The patients completed the questionnaires anonymously in the waiting room.</p><p><b>RESULTS: </b>Two hundred and ninety-three patients with acne (response rate 83.7 %) and 301 patients with other skin diseases (response rate 86.0 %) completed the questionnaires. Twelve acne patients (4.1 %) and 27 control patients (9.0 %) were current smokers (odds ratio = 0.43, 95% confidence limits 0.22 - 0.87, p < 0.05). But after adjustment for sex, this difference was not significant (odds ratio: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.30-1.26, p > 0.05, Mantel-Haenszel test).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION: </b>An association between acne and cigarette smoking was not found in this study.</p>},
  year = {2005},
  journal = {BMC dermatology},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {2},
  month = {2005 Mar 24},
  issn = {1471-5945},
  doi = {10.1186/1471-5945-5-2},
  language = {eng},
}