@article{24429,
  keywords = {Adult, Antibiotics, Antitubercular, Antitubercular Agents, Child, Disease Management, Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Incidence, Male, Population Surveillance, Retrospective Studies, Rifampin, Sex Factors, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, Zambia},
  author = {Kapata N and Chanda-Kapata P and Bates M and Mwaba P and Cobelens F and Grobusch M and Zumla A},
  title = {Multidrug-resistant TB in Zambia: review of national data from 2000 to 2011.},
  abstract = {<p><b>BACKGROUND: </b>Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is posing a great threat to global TB control. The burden in Zambia is not well defined because routine surveillance data are scarce. We reviewed national MDR-TB data for the last decade to inform future public health policy with respect to MDR-TB in Zambia.</p><p><b>METHOD: </b>Retrospective review of national surveillance of MDR-TB data, TB programme and laboratory reports between 2000 and 2011.</p><p><b>RESULTS: </b>The total number of DSTs performed during this 11-year period was 2,038 and accounted for 2.6% (2,038/78,639) of all the retreatment cases notified. The total number of diagnosed MDR-TB cases for this period was 446, of which 56.3% (251/446) were male and 41.7% (186/446) female. Only one child was found to have MDR-TB. Poly-drug resistance accounted for 18.9% (172/911) of the DR-TB cases and 8.4% of the total DSTs. 8.8% (80/911) of the DR-TB cases showed either rifampicin mono- or poly-resistance other than MDR-TB. No XDR-TB was reported. There were no data available on DR-TB and HIV co-infection. Only 65 MDR-TB patients were notified and put on second-line treatment according to WHO guidelines.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS: </b>Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis may be an emerging challenge in Zambia. There is a need to invest in improving the capacity of the TB programme to detect and manage MDR-TB.</p>},
  year = {2013},
  journal = {Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {1386-91},
  month = {2013 Nov},
  issn = {1365-3156},
  doi = {10.1111/tmi.12183},
  language = {eng},
}