@article{18213,
  keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, HIV Seropositivity, HIV-1, Humans, Kenya, leprosy, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Sex Distribution, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary},
  author = {Orege P A and Fine PE and Lucas S B and Obura M and Okelo C and Okuku P and Were M},
  title = {A case control study on human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection as a risk factor for tuberculosis and leprosy in western Kenya.},
  abstract = {<p>A case control study was undertaken in Western Kenya from April 1989 to August 1990 to evaluate HIV-1 infection as a risk factor for tuberculosis and leprosy. The study involved 144 newly diagnosed sputum smear positive tuberculosis cases with 432 age, sex and neighbourhood-matched controls, and 132 diagnosed leprosy cases with 384 matched controls. Odds ratios obtained by conditional logistic regression (matched) analysis were 4.9 (95% CI 2.6, 6.8), and 1.8 (95% CI 0.9, 3.2), for the association between HIV-1 and tuberculosis and leprosy respectively. Approximately 31% of tuberculosis cases among males, and 11% of cases among females, were attributable to HIV infection.</p>},
  year = {1993},
  journal = {Tubercle and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease},
  volume = {74},
  pages = {377-81},
  month = {1993 Dec},
  issn = {0962-8479},
  doi = {10.1016/0962-8479(93)90080-H},
  language = {eng},
}