@article{18208,
  keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, BCG Vaccine, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Confidence Intervals, Female, Humans, Incidence, Kenya, leprosy, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Sex Distribution, Tuberculosis},
  author = {Orege P A and Fine PE and Lucas S B and Obura M and Okelo C and Okuku P},
  title = {Case-control study of BCG vaccination as a risk factor for leprosy and tuberculosis in western Kenya.},
  abstract = {<p>A case-control study was carried out in western Kenya to measure the protection imparted by BCG against leprosy and tuberculosis. The study involved 69 newly diagnosed leprosy cases, 238 age-, sex- and neighborhood-matched controls, and 144 newly diagnosed, sputum-smear-positive tuberculosis cases along with 432 age-, sex- and neighborhood-matched controls. Information on BCG vaccination history was inferred from scars. Using matched analysis, the protection imparted by BCG against leprosy was estimated to be 81% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 67-90] with no apparent difference in protection against paucibacillary [vaccine efficacy (VE) = 83%, 95% CI = 58-92] and multibacillary leprosy (VE = 76%; 95% CI = 30-91). The effectiveness against tuberculosis was appreciably lower (VE = 22%) and was not statistically significant (95% CI = -20-51).</p>
},
  year = {1993},
  journal = {International journal of leprosy and other mycobacterial diseases : official organ of the International Leprosy Association},
  volume = {61},
  pages = {542-9},
  month = {1993 Dec},
  issn = {0148-916X},
  url = {http://ila.ilsl.br/pdfs/v61n4a02.pdf},
  language = {eng},
}