@article{article,
  keywords = {Reliability, Validity, Measurements, Hausa, Self-esteem, Self-stigma},
  author = {Abdullahi S and Murphy-Okpala N and Dahiru T and Chukwu J and Nwafor C and Eze C and Ekeke N and Dikko A and van Brakel W and Schoenmakers A and Anyaike C and Ukwaja KN},
  title = {A preliminary cross-cultural validation of the Hausa version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the leprosy-adapted Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale in Northern Nigeria},
  abstract = {<p><strong>Background</strong></p>

<p>There are no reliable and valid tools for the assessment of self-esteem and internalized stigma among the Hausa-speaking population. This study describes the cross-cultural validation of the Hausa version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (H-RSES) and the leprosy-adapted Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (H-ISMI) scale.</p>

<p><strong>Methods</strong></p>

<p>The cultural equivalence of the tools was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively. A cross-sectional study of 52 individuals with Hansen{\textquoteright}s disease from selected communities of Taraba, Northern Nigeria, was carried out to investigate the measurement equivalence of the tools.</p>

<p><strong>Results</strong></p>

<p>The different components of the cultural equivalence assessment of the H-RSES and H-ISMI scales showed adequate fit with all items identified as important in the context of the population. The Cronbach{\textquoteright}s alpha values representing internal consistency were 0.82 and 0.91 for the H-RSES and H-ISMI scales, respectively. The exploratory factor analysis for the H-RSES and H-ISMI scales indicates adequate fit as a unidimensional scale. There was a weak but positive correlation between the mean total scores of the H-RSES and the H-ISMI scales (r\&nbsp;=\&nbsp;0.29;\&nbsp;p\&nbsp;= 0.04), which did not demonstrate construct validity. There were no floor or ceiling effects in the distribution of the H-RSES and the H-ISMI scales.</p>

<p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>

<p>The H-RSES and H-ISMI scales had good internal consistency and reliability in assessing self-esteem and stigma among the Hausa-speaking population. Future studies are needed to establish the semantic and operational equivalence of these tools in the study setting.</p>
},
  year = {2025},
  journal = {Leprosy Review},
  volume = {96},
  pages = {1-10},
  publisher = {Lepra},
  issn = {2162-8807},
  url = {https://leprosyreview.org/admin/public/article_shell/uploads/article_files/Lepra/LEPROSY/96/3/lr2023107/lr2023107.pdf},
  doi = {10.47276/lr.96.3.2023107},
  language = {ENG},
}